![]() Hirahata pretended calm, moving toward the telephone. The officer was a member of the Japanese Secret Police (tokubetsu kt keisatsu, or Tokk), the Thought Police of the Imperial fascistic order of Japan comparable to the Nazi Gestapo. Hirahata was asked to come voluntarily to a Kyoto policeoffice for questioning, concerning the haiku magazine Kydai Haiku (Kyoto University Haiku). The officers knocked hard, waking up the family. February 14th 1940, in Kobe city, in snowy weather, a plainclothes officer accompanied by two uniformed officers arrived at the home of Hirahata Seit (1905-1997), a haiku poet and psychiatrist. This essay also contains an added Addendum section: Historical Revisionism (Negationism) and the Image of Takahama Kyoshi, which details contemporary negationism concerning Kyoshis involvement in wartime persecution and his alliances with the Japanese Imperial-fascist government, throughout the wartime era. To avoid confusion, the term modern haiku (in English) will indicate contemporary (1920s-on) haiku in general, while gendai haiku refers to the progressive movement, its ideas and activities. Please note that the two predominant schools or approaches to contemporary Japanese haiku are: 1) gendai haiku (literally: modern haiku), and 2) traditional (dent) haiku, a stylism signally represented by the Hototogisu circle and its journal of the same name. In fact, the wartime era was a dark age for haiku nonetheless it was through the ensuing persecutions and bitterness that gendai haiku evolvedan evolution which continues today. A discussion of the situation of haiku during Japans extended wartime era is of great historical significance, even if comparatively few are now aware of this history. It is preferable that a discussion of postwar haiku history start from the midst of the war, or from the beginning of the Fifteen Years War. However, this perspective represents a rather stereotypical viewpoint. In his 1985 book, My Postwar Haiku History, the acclaimed leader of the postwar haiku movement Kaneko Tohta (1919) wrote, When discussing the history of postwar haiku, many scholars tend to begin their discussion from the end of World War II. NEW RISING HAIKU: The Evolution of Modern Japanese Haiku and the Haiku Persecution IncidentĪBSTRACTThe following discussion focuses on the evolution of the New Rising Haiku movement (shink haiku und), examining events as they unfolded throughout the extensive wartime period, an era of recent history important to an understanding of the evolution of the modern haiku movement, that is, gendai haiku in Japan.
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